Hardware (also called ironmongery in British English) is the collective term for all metal fittings and components used on doors, windows, gates, shutters, and furniture to enable their function, provide security, and enhance their appearance. This includes hinges, locks, handles, bolts, latches, and many other items. Hardware is an essential element of virtually every building project, from new construction to restoration work.
Types of hardware
Hardware can be categorized by its primary function:
- Hanging hardware — hinges, butt hinges, parliament hinges, pivot hinges, and continuous hinges that allow doors and windows to swing, pivot, or tilt
- Locking hardware — mortice locks, cylinders, deadbolts, espagnolette bolts, and multipoint locking systems that secure doors and windows
- Operating hardware — lever handles, knobs, pull handles, window fasteners, and tilt-and-turn mechanisms used for daily operation
- Security hardware — anti-snap cylinders, security roses, reinforced strike plates, and multipoint locks designed to resist forced entry
- Decorative hardware — escutcheons, door knockers, finger plates, and ornamental fittings that serve an aesthetic purpose
Materials
Hardware is manufactured in a range of materials, each with distinct properties:
- Stainless steel — durable, corrosion-resistant, and popular for contemporary designs
- Brass — warm tone, traditionally used in period and heritage properties
- Zinc alloy — cost-effective, suitable for interior applications
- Aluminium — lightweight and corrosion-resistant, commonly used on window frames
- Wrought iron — a traditional material for rustic and historic styles
Security ratings
In the UK, hardware security is assessed through standards such as BS 3621 for locks and PAS 24 for doorsets. Insurance companies often require locks that meet specific standards. In Europe, the EN 1627 standard classifies resistance to break-in attempts in grades from RC 1 to RC 6, with RC 2 being the minimum recommendation for residential properties.
Related terms
- Mortice lock
- Butt hinge
- Espagnolette bolt
- Multipoint locking system
- Tilt-and-turn mechanism
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