What is fluate?
Fluate is an aqueous solution of fluosilicates (silicofluorides, such as magnesium or zinc fluosilicate) applied to concrete or natural stone surfaces to harden, densify and dustproof them; this treatment is called fluating. The active compound reacts with the free lime (calcium hydroxide) in the material and converts it into insoluble compounds, sealing the pores.
How it works
Hardened concrete and lime-bearing natural stone contain free lime that attracts water and dusts off at the surface. When fluate is applied, a chemical reaction occurs that produces insoluble calcium fluoride and silica gel. These reaction products:
- fill the capillary pores at the surface;
- bind the loose lime particles;
- form a denser, harder top layer.
Application
Fluating is used mainly on:
- Concrete floors in industrial halls, car parks and warehouses, to prevent dusting and increase wear resistance.
- Natural stone facades and floors for hardening and densification.
- Cement screeds that are too soft or that produce dust.
The solution is applied in one or more passes, allowed to react in between, and then rinsed off or neutralised.
Properties
- Increases the wear resistance and hardness of the surface.
- Makes the surface dust-free and easier to clean.
- Improves resistance to penetrating moisture and mild chemicals.
Related terms
- Concrete hardener
- Cement screed
- Wear resistance
- Natural stone
- Surface treatment
- Calcium hydroxide
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