Chipping is the process of knocking off mortar residue, old plaster layers or protrusions from masonry using a chipping hammer or chisel. It is a fundamental preparation technique in bricklaying and renovation work, ensuring surfaces are clean and level before new finishes or mortar joints are applied.
How chipping works
Chipping, called “bikken” in Dutch, involves striking the surface of brick, block or natural stone with a pointed tool to break away unwanted material. The mason delivers controlled blows at a shallow angle so that material flakes off without damaging the underlying masonry. For mortar joint removal, the tool follows the joint line while the mason carefully avoids chipping into the face of the bricks themselves.
The technique requires patience and a steady hand. Striking too hard can crack the bricks, while too-light blows make the work unnecessarily slow. Experienced masons develop a rhythm that maximises efficiency while minimising the risk of damage.
When chipping is needed
Chipping is most commonly performed during repointing, where old mortar is removed to a depth of roughly 15 to 20 millimetres before fresh mortar is pressed in. It is also essential when preparing walls for new plaster or render, because a rough, clean substrate provides far better adhesion than a smooth or contaminated one.
In renovation projects, entire facades may need to be chipped clean of paint, render or cement-based coatings before the original brickwork can be restored. On a smaller scale, chipping is used to remove individual mortar droppings from brick faces during new construction, keeping the finished wall looking tidy.
Safety considerations
Chipping produces sharp flying fragments, so eye protection is essential. Dust masks are advisable when working on older buildings where mortar or plaster may contain harmful substances. Hearing protection should be worn when power tools such as needle scalers are used instead of a manual chipping hammer.
Related terms
- Chipping hammer
- Mortar
- Masonry
- Stone
- Rendering
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