What is brick specifications?
Brick specifications are the technical properties and standards that a brick must meet for use in construction. These include dimensions, compressive strength, frost resistance, water absorption, and colour fastness. These specifications determine which applications a brick is suitable for.
Key specifications
The most important specification is compressive strength, expressed in N/mm² (Newtons per square millimetre). Bricks are classified into strength classes ranging from approximately 10 to over 65 N/mm². For load-bearing walls in residential construction, a minimum strength class of 15 to 25 N/mm² is typical, while heavier structures require higher classes.
Water absorption indicates how much moisture a brick can take in, expressed as a percentage of dry weight. Low water absorption (below 6%) means the brick is more resistant to moisture-related damage. The European standard EN 771-1 prescribes how this value should be measured.
Frost resistance and durability
Frost resistance is crucial for exterior applications in temperate climates. Bricks are classified as F0 (not frost resistant), F1 (moderately frost resistant), or F2 (frost resistant). For facades and external walls, a minimum of F2 is required.
Additionally, dimensional tolerances play a role. Standard bricks may only deviate by a few millimetres from their specified dimensions. Handmade bricks have wider tolerances than extruded bricks due to differences in the manufacturing process.
Standards
In Europe, bricks fall under the standard EN 771-1. This standard describes the requirements for fired clay masonry units and provides guidelines for the declaration of performance that manufacturers must supply. The CE marking on the packaging confirms compliance with European requirements.
Related terms
- Brick formats
- Mortar
- Compressive strength
- Frost resistance
- Extruded brick
- Handmade brick
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