What is asbestos?
Asbestos is a collective name for a group of naturally occurring minerals composed of microscopic fibres. Thanks to its excellent properties — heat-resistant, strong, insulating and cheap — asbestos was used on a massive scale in the building industry for decades. Its use is now banned in most countries due to severe health risks.
Health risks
Asbestos fibres are invisibly small and, when inhaled, can penetrate deep into the lungs. This can lead to:
- Asbestosis — scarring of the lung tissue
- Lung cancer — increased risk, especially in combination with smoking
- Mesothelioma — an aggressive cancer of the lining of the lungs or abdomen
Symptoms often only appear 15 to 40 years after exposure.
Where is asbestos found in buildings?
In buildings constructed before the mid-1990s, asbestos may be present in:
- Corrugated sheets — roofs and walls of sheds, garages and outbuildings
- Roof slates — asbestos-cement slates on older roofs
- Window sills — asbestos-cement sills on the inside
- Pipes and ducting — drain, ventilation and flue pipes
- Floor coverings — the backing of vinyl flooring from the 1960s and 1970s
- Insulation — around heating pipes and boilers
- Sealants and adhesives — in old putty and tile adhesive
What to do about asbestos
- Do not remove it yourself — asbestos removal must be carried out by licensed specialists
- Survey — commission an asbestos survey by an accredited firm
- Bonded vs non-bonded — bonded asbestos (in cement) is less hazardous than loose-fill or sprayed asbestos
- Small quantities — simplified rules may apply for small amounts of bonded asbestos (check local regulations)
Related terms
- Demolition
- Remediation
- Hazardous materials
- Insulation
- Health and safety
Want to learn more about construction terms? Visit our knowledge base at fredsdiyplans.com.