What is Art Deco?
Art Deco is a decorative style from the 1920s and 1930s characterised by bold geometric forms, luxurious materials and a blend of craftsmanship and modernity. The name derives from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes held in Paris in 1925.
Characteristics
Art Deco architecture is recognisable by:
- Geometric patterns — zigzag lines, chevrons, sunbursts and stylised floral motifs
- Symmetry — a strict, symmetrical layout with a monumental feel
- Rich materials — marble, bronze, chrome, glazed tiles and stained glass
- Vertical emphasis — striking vertical accents that make the building appear taller
- Rounded corners — a combination of straight lines with flowing, rounded forms
- Reliefs and ornaments — stylised figures, animals and plant motifs on the facade
Art Deco vs Art Nouveau
| Feature | Art Nouveau | Art Deco |
|---|---|---|
| Period | c. 1890–1910 | c. 1920–1940 |
| Forms | Organic, flowing, asymmetrical | Geometric, bold, symmetrical |
| Inspiration | Nature, plants, insects | Machine, technology, luxury |
| Materials | Wrought iron, glass, ceramics | Chrome, marble, concrete, glass |
Application
Art Deco can be found worldwide:
- Cinemas and theatres — lavishly decorated entrances and interiors
- Office buildings — skyscrapers in New York (e.g. Chrysler Building, Empire State Building)
- Residential buildings — particularly in cities like Miami, London and Shanghai
- Bridges and viaducts — decorative railings and lamp posts
- Interiors — furniture, light fittings and tile work in the Art Deco style
Related terms
- Art Nouveau
- Building style
- Architecture
- Ornament
- Modernism
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