What is an atrium?
An atrium is a covered interior space in a building, usually fitted with a glass roof or roof light so that daylight enters the space. Originally, the atrium was the central uncovered courtyard of a Roman house. In modern buildings the atrium is a popular solution for bringing daylight into large spaces that span multiple storeys.
Atrium in a house vs. non-residential building
In a house
In residential buildings an atrium is often a covered courtyard or central hall with a glass roof. Popular configurations:
- Roof patio — small atrium form in a terraced or corner house
- Light well — narrow inner courtyard with glass panels to bring daylight into the heart of the home
- Glass extension — glass-roofed addition over an existing internal garden
In a non-residential building
Offices, shopping centres and hospitals often feature a large central atrium surrounded by multiple floors. It creates overview, daylight and an impressive appearance.
Advantages of an atrium
- Daylight — bringing daylight deeper into the building
- Spatial experience — greater sense of space than enclosed rooms
- Air circulation — thermal convection (warm air rises) for passive ventilation
- Garden feeling — an outdoor experience while indoors
Disadvantages and points of attention
- Overheating — a glass roof in direct sun can lead to extreme heat; solar shading or HR++ glass is essential
- Condensation — the temperature difference between inside and outside demands careful detailing
- Sound — a large atrium acts as a sound amplifier; acoustic measures are needed
- Glass roof maintenance — cleaning and inspection for leaks
Planning permission
An atrium or glass roof on a house generally requires planning permission, unless it qualifies as a permitted development (rear outbuilding under 30 m² and lower than 5 m). Always check the local plan.
Self-build vs. contractor
| Self-build | Contractor | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | €3,000 – €8,000 (materials) | €8,000 – €25,000+ |
| Complexity | High (steel/glass work) | Low for the owner |
| Lead time | Long | Shorter |
Related terms
- Planning permission
- Flat roof
- Glazing
- Roof gutter
- Fall (drainage slope)
- Expansion joint