What is a pediment?
A pediment is the triangular, and sometimes segmental, crowning placed above the entablature of a classical building, a door or a window. It is a characteristic element of classical, Renaissance and Neoclassical architecture that gives a facade a stately, monumental finish.
Parts of a pediment
A pediment is made up of several fixed components:
- Cornice: the moulded projecting band that forms the sloping and horizontal edges of the pediment.
- Tympanum: the triangular or segmental field within the mouldings, often decorated with relief or sculpture.
- Entablature: the horizontal band of mouldings on which the pediment rests.
Together these parts form a balanced, symmetrical crowning.
Forms and application
Pediments occur in several forms:
- Triangular pediment: the classic and most common form.
- Segmental pediment: with a gently curved top edge.
- Broken pediment: where the apex or base is interrupted, often to frame a vase or statue.
Pediments are found above main entrances, windows and on temple fronts. They emphasise the main axis of a building and give it a classical appearance.
Related terms
- Tympanum
- Entablature
- Cornice
- Architrave
- Frieze
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