A geogrid is a geosynthetic product with an open grid structure used to reinforce and stabilise soil. The soil interlocks with the grid openings, distributing forces and increasing the bearing capacity of the construction.
How a geogrid works
Soil can carry compressive forces well but hardly any tensile forces. A geogrid, usually made of polypropylene, polyester or polyethylene, fills that gap:
- The soil particles lock into the grid openings (interlock).
- Any tensile forces are taken up by the geogrid.
- Loads are spread over a larger area, which limits settlement.
This creates a stronger, more stable soil body without the need for thick or costly foundation layers. Unlike geotextile, which mainly separates and filters, the geogrid is designed specifically for reinforcement.
Application
Geogrids are used, among other things, for:
- Foundation layers – strengthening the sub-base of roads and pavements.
- Slopes and dikes – stabilising steep soil slopes.
- Retaining walls – building reinforced soil retaining structures.
- Weak subsoil – bridging ground with low bearing capacity.
The choice of type and strength depends on the load and the subsoil conditions.
Related terms
- Soil reinforcement
- Geotextile
- Foundation
- Slope
- Retaining wall
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