The geison is, in classical (Greek) architecture, the projecting cornice of the entablature, located above the frieze and below the sima or pediment. It forms the uppermost horizontal termination of the entablature.
Features
The geison projects strongly beyond the parts of the facade below it.
- Sits above the frieze and below the sima (the gutter moulding) or pediment
- Projects far forward and thus casts a distinct shadow
- Often fitted with a drip edge or mutules on its underside
- Part of the classical orders, such as the Doric and Ionic orders
The projection ensures that rainwater is carried away from the facade rather than running down the parts below. The shadow it casts also emphasises the horizontal articulation of the building.
Application
The geison is found mainly in classical and classically inspired architecture.
- Greek and Roman temples
- Classical column orders
- Neoclassical facades and monuments
- Protecting the frieze and architrave from rain
Related terms
- Entablature
- Cornice
- Frieze
- Architrave
- Doric
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