What is a dry connection?
A dry connection is a structural joint that is made without wet mortar, grout or concrete, using only mechanical means such as bolts, locating dowels, clamps or plug-in couplers. It is a typical connection in precast concrete, steel and modular construction.
Why a dry connection?
In precast concrete and steel construction, components are made in the factory and assembled on site. A dry connection allows fast erection without waiting for mortar or grout to cure. Loads can be transferred almost immediately after setting.
Other advantages:
- Quick erection — no waiting time for curing
- Demountable — components can be reused
- Dimensionally stable — no shrinkage of mortar to shift the position
- Weather independent — work can continue in frost or rain
Application
- Precast concrete frames — column-beam joints with locating dowels or plug-in sleeves
- Steel structures — bolted connections between beams and columns
- Timber frame construction — system fittings and structural bolts
- Modular building — connections between volumetric units
- Circular construction — demountable joints designed for reuse
Points of attention
- Dry connections must be checked carefully for stability and stiffness
- Locating dowels and bolts must be tightened to the specified preload
- Tolerances on the precast components are critical for fit on site
- Fire and acoustic performance of the joint require separate detailing
Related terms
- Precast
- Dowel
- Skeleton structure
- Bolted connection
- Mortise-and-tenon joint
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