A boundary fence is the physical division between two adjoining plots of land. It can be a timber fence, but also a hedge, wall, railing or a combination. Boundary fences mark the property line, provide privacy, shelter from wind and security. Rules for boundary fences are set in planning regulations and neighbour law (Party Wall etc. Act in the UK).
Types of boundary fence
| Type | Material | Lifespan |
|---|---|---|
| Fence | Timber, plastic, composite | 10-20 years (timber) |
| Hedge | Beech, yew, privet | Decades |
| Railing | Steel, aluminium, mesh | 20-50 years |
| Wall | Brick, concrete | 50-100+ years |
| Palisade | Vertical posts, often timber | 15-30 years |
| Combination | E.g. dwarf wall + fence | Varies |
Rules and heights
Permitted development
Boundary fences often fall under permitted development if they do not exceed certain heights:
- Beside a highway — up to 1 m high without planning permission
- Elsewhere — up to 2 m high without planning permission
- Listed buildings or conservation areas — additional restrictions
The exact rules depend on the local authority. Always check with the council before building.
Neighbour law
The Party Wall etc. Act 1996 (England and Wales) and similar laws elsewhere regulate:
- Shared boundary — who pays and maintains
- Planting distance — trees often 2-4 metres, shrubs 0.5-1 m from the boundary
- Right to a fence — usually possible from either side, up to 2 m high
- Building astride the line — only with the neighbour’s consent
On or beside the boundary?
Many people assume they must build exactly on the boundary, but that is rarely practical:
- On the boundary — requires the neighbour’s consent and shared responsibility
- Just inside your own plot — no consent needed, but a few centimetres are lost
A common solution: own fence just inside your own boundary.
Maintenance
Maintenance differs by material:
- Timber fence — oil or stain every 2-3 years for long life
- Hedge — trim at least once a year
- Metal railing — check for rust, touch up paint
- Wall — check pointing, prevent water ingress
Related terms
- Fence post
- Building line
- Permitted development
- Planning permission
- Property boundary
Want to learn more about construction terms? Visit our knowledge base at fredsdiyplans.com.