What is mechanical stress?

Mechanical stress is force per unit area, expressed in N/mm². Explanation of tensile, compressive and shear stress, a worked example and rules of thumb.

What is spack (spray plaster)?

Spack (spray spack) is a machine-sprayed wall and ceiling finish with a granular texture, widely used in new-build housing. Explanation, method and tips.

What is spachtelputz?

Spachtelputz is a decorative plaster with marble grain and a synthetic resin binder, applied as a fine to coarse rubbed finish indoors and outdoors.

What is a space frame?

A space frame is a light, three-dimensional truss structure of struts and nodes that makes large spans possible.

What is a blind panel (spaarveld)?

A blind panel (Dutch: spaarveld) is a shallow recessed field in brickwork, often filled with decorative brickwork. Typical of Romanesque churches.

What is a foundation arch?

A foundation arch is a masonry arch spanning between foundation piers, used to save bricks compared with a continuous wall. The Dutch term is spaarboog.

What is a pumped storage power station?

A pumped storage power station stores electricity by pumping water to an upper reservoir and releasing it through turbines when demand rises; 70-80% is returned.