What is the fifth facade?

The fifth facade is the roof, seen as a fully-fledged fifth exterior of a building, with attention to appearance and use such as a roof terrace, green roof or solar panels.

What is a quatrefoil?

A quatrefoil is an ornament made up of four equal circular arcs that together form a cloverleaf-like shape, widely used in Gothic tracery.

What is a Vierendeel truss?

A Vierendeel truss is a girder with a top and bottom chord and vertical posts, without diagonals, in which the connections are moment-resisting.

What is a Vierendeel bridge?

A Vierendeel bridge is a bridge whose main girders are Vierendeel trusses: girders with vertical posts and rigid joints, without diagonals.

What is a vidimus?

A vidimus is a scaled design drawing for a leaded light or stained glass window, submitted to the client for approval beforehand.

What is a viaduct?

A viaduct is a bridge that carries a road or railway over another road, railway or a valley, rather than over water.

What is a fibre cement slate?

A fibre cement slate is a flat roofing or cladding slate made of cement with fibres that resembles natural slate. Old examples may contain asbestos.

What is fibre-reinforced concrete?

Fibre-reinforced concrete is concrete to which steel, plastic or glass fibres have been added to limit cracking and improve toughness.