Recessed means that a building part sits inward relative to a reference plane — usually the facade or building line; projecting means it sticks outward. The terms describe the relief and articulation of a facade or floor plan: the interplay of parts placed forward and backward.
Recessed
A recessed part sits set back relative to the main plane. Examples:
- A set-back entrance or a loggia
- A porch or niche in the facade
- A set-back upper floor (setback) that makes the streetscape lighter
Projecting
A projecting part sticks out in front of the main plane. Examples:
- A bay window or extension
- A risalit (projecting facade part running over several storeys)
- Cantilevered balconies, canopies and crown cornices
Application
- Facade articulation — the alternation of recessed and projecting parts gives a facade depth, rhythm and shadow effect
- Urban planning and zoning — the building line determines how far a building may project forward; bay windows and balconies may project within limits
- Floor plan — recessed and projecting corners determine the shape and the facade area of a home
Points to note
- Projecting parts such as bay windows and balconies require extra attention for water barriers, insulation and thermal bridges
- Recesses and projections enlarge the facade area, which affects heat loss and cost
- For projecting parts, check whether they fall within the permitted building line and zoning plan
Related terms
- Building line
- Facade
- Bay window
- Cantilever
- Overhang
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